X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an important industrial tool that enables us to see not only external surfaces but also internal features of an object without cutting or disassembling the sample. CT is widely used as a technique for quality control, but it is not as well known for its capacity to evaluate dimensional information. With accuracies comparable to or (in some circumstances) better than coordinate measurement machine (CMM) data, industrial X-ray CT machines can acquire a specimen’s dimensions and contribute to the area of metrology and geometric tolerance control, which is very important in the assessment of a part’s functional features. With its ability to improve product quality, reduce inspection and analysis costs, and decrease manufacturing time to market, CT has attracted the interest of major manufacturing companies and is now being rapidly adopted in a variety of industries such as automotive, electronics, aerospace, medical devices, cast materials, injection molding, plastics, rubber, 3-D printing (additive manufacturing), as well as many other industrial fields.